Barbara Cruikshank is Assistant Professor in the Department of Political Science at the University of Massachusetts,
Amherst.
Review
"In her powerful book, Barbara Cruikshank draws on Foucauldian insight with agility and weaves Foucauldian
theoretical concerns with empirical studies in supple, jargon-free fashion. The writing is strong and clear, and
the argument is bold."
--Wendy Brown, University of California, Santa Cruz
Cornell University Press Web Site, March, 2001
Summary
How do liberal democracies produce citizens who are capable of governing themselves? In considering this question,
Barbara Cruikshank rethinks central topics in political theory, including the relationship between welfare and
citizenship, democracy and despotism, and subjectivity and subjection.
Drawing on theories of power and the creation of subjects, Cruikshank argues that individuals in a democracy
are made into self-governing citizens through the small-scale and everyday practices of voluntary associations,
reform movements, and social service programs. She argues that our empowerment is a measure of our subjection rather
than of our autonomy from power. Through a close examination of several contemporary American "technologies
of citizenship"--from welfare rights struggles to philanthropic self-help schemes to the organized promotion
of self-esteem awareness--she demonstrates how social mobilization reshapes the political in ways largely unrecognized
in democratic theory. Although the impact of a given reform movement may be minor, the techniques it develops for
creating citizens far extend the reach of govermental authority.
Combining a detailed knowledge of social policy and practice with insights from poststructural and feminist
theory, The Will to Empower shows how democratic citizens and the political are continually recreated.
