Multicultural Psychology: Understanding Our Diverse Communities, Third Edition, combines quantitative and qualitative research with anecdotal material to examine an array of multicultural issues and capture the richness of diverse cultures. The text focuses on such compelling topics as differences in worldviews, communication, racial and cultural identity development, racism, and immigration. Other issues covered in the text include gender, sexuality, age, and ability. The authors provide a strong, vivid, and personal voice to the text, richly populating it with anecdotes from themselves, their students, and other contributors, and using them as central points around which to build their case for multicultural issues based on science.
FEATURES:
-Providesnarrative, first person accountsby people of all ages and cultures to illustrate the points discussed in the text
-Combinesquantitative and qualitative research with anecdotal materialto examine an array of multicultural issues and capture the richness of diverse cultures
NEW TO THIS EDITION:
-Addresses the election of the first ethnic minority President of the United States in history
-Cites more than200 new publications not found in the previous edition
-Includes more than fifty new reactions from students
-Extended Chapter Seven contains Latino as well as Asian/Philipino identity development, and also includes a new section on "affliliative identities"
-Other sections have been replaced or added, such as "The Four F Reactions" on exposure to cultural differences and culturally specific therapies
Table of Contents
Table of Contents
About the Authors
Preface
CHAPTER 1: What Is Multicultural Psychology?
WHAT IS MULTICULTURAL PSYCHOLOGY?
-Narrow and Broad Definitions of Culture
-Culture and Worldview
-What Is Race?
-Multicultural Psychology versus Cross-Cultural Psychology
WHY DO WE NEED THE FIELD OF MULTICULTURAL PSYCHOLOGY?
MULTICULTURALISM AS THE FOURTH FORCE UNDERSTANDING THE CULTURAL CONTEXT OF BEHAVIOR
THE BIOPSYCHOSOCIAL MODEL
THE BASIC TENETS OF MULTICULTURAL THEORY HISTORICAL BACKGROUND
-Dubious Beginnings We Begin to Define Ourselves
-Gender Differences Lesbian, Gay, and Bisexual Issues
THE RISE OF MULTICULTURALISM
SUMMARY
CHAPTER 2: Multicultural Issues Involving Research and Testing
RESEARCH METHODS IN PSYCHOLOGY
-The General Research Model
-The White Standard Internal versus External Validity
QUANTITATIVE VERSUS QUALITATIVE RESEARCH
-Quantitative Approaches Qualitative Approaches
-Equivalence of Measures
-Qualitative Approaches and Gender Qualitative Approaches and Older Populations
EXPERIMENTAL DESIGNS PSYCHOLOGICAL TESTING
-Intelligence Testing
-Intelligence, Context, and Older Adults Alternative Conceptions of Intelligence Personality and Diagnostic Testing
SUMMARY
CHAPTER 3: Cultural Differences in Worldviews
DIFFERENT PERSPECTIVES FOR LOOKING AT CULTURES
-Imposing a Worldview
-Understanding Differences from Within
-Male and Female Perspectives
-Well-Meaning Clashes
INDIVIDUALISM VERSUS COLLECTIVISM
-The Individual and Society
-Guilt versus Shame Face
-Giving and Social Support
VALUE ORIENTATION AND WORLDVIEWS
-Kluckhohn and Strodtbeck's Value Orientation
-Model Derald Wing Sue's Worldview Model
ETHNIC MINORITY WORLDVIEW
WORLDVIEW OF WOMEN
WORLDVIEW OF LESBIAN, GAY, AND BISEXUAL INDIVIDUALS
SUMMARY
CHAPTER 4: Cultural Differences in Communication
CONVERSATIONAL RULES NONVERBAL ASPECTS OF LANGUAGE
-Proxemics
-Kinesics
-Paralanguage
HIGH-VERSUS LOW-CONTEXT COMMUNICATION
-Direct versus Indirect Communication
-Ethnic Minority Patterns of Communication
-African Americans
-Latinos/as American
-Indians
-Communication Patterns of the Elderly
GENDER DIFFERENCES IN COMMUNICATION
BILINGUAL COMMUNICATION
-Cognitive Consequences of Bilingualism
-Social Consequences of Bilingualism
SUMMARY
CHAPTER 5: Immigrants, Refugees, and the Acculturation Process
IMMIGRANTS AND REFUGEES
-Immigrants
-Refugees
COMMON EXPERIENCES OF IMMIGRANTS AND REFUGEES
-Language Barriers
-Support Networks
-Family Hierarchies
-New Family Roles
-Employment
-Education
ACCULTURATION
-"Old" and "New" Immigrants
-Models of Acculturation
-Acculturation of Immigrants
-Acculturation of Ethnic Minority Populations
-The Migration Process
-Ecological Context and Fit
SUMMARY
CHAPTER 6: Stereotyping, Prejudice, Discrimination, and Racism
CATEGORIZATIONS OF RACE AND ETHNICITY
-Stereotype Threat
-The Development of Negative Stereotypes
RACISM
-Overt versus Covert Racism
-The Response to Hurricane Katrina: A Case of Covert, Unintentional Racism?
-Aversive Racism Racial
-Microaggressions
-White Privilege
SUMMARY
CHAPTER 7: Cultural Identity Development
A MODEL OF PERSONAL IDENTITY
RACIAL IDENTITY DEVELOPMENT
-African American Identity Development
-White Identity Development
-Chicano/Latino Identity Development
-Brief Overview of Asian American/Pilipino
-American Identity Development
-Multiracial Identity Development
-Gay/Lesbian Identity Development
-Racial and Cultural Identity Development
-Model Other Identities
A CRITIQUE OF THE STAGE MODELS
MULTIPLE LAYERING OF IDENTITIES
SUMMARY
CHAPTER 8: Culture and Health
HEALTH AND HEALTH BEHAVIORS
HEALTH DISPARITIES DEFINED
CAUSES OF HEALTH DISPARITIES
-Racism
-Poverty
-Structural Barriers
-Access to the Health Care System
-Differential Treatment
MISTRUST OF THE HEALTH CARE SYSTEM
WHY SHOULD WE CARE?
BRINGING ABOUT CHANGE
SICKLE CELL ANEMIA - A CASE STUDY
SUMMARY
CHAPTER 9: Culture and Mental Health
CULTURE AND DIAGNOSIS
-The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
-A Classification System
-Culture and the Expression of Symptoms
-Cultural Group Differences and Mental Health
-The Epidemiologic Catchment Area Project (ECA)
-National Comorbidity Survey (NCS)
-The Collaborative Psychiatric Epidemiology Studies (CPES)
-Ethnic/Racial Groups Not Well Represented in the Large Epidemiological Studies
-Critique of the Epidemiologic Studies
-Conclusions from Existing Data
-Gender Differences
-Culture-Bound Syndromes
-Eating Disorders: An American Culture-Bound Syndrome?
CULTURE AND THE TREATMENT OF MENTAL DISORDERS
-Underutilization of Mental Health Services
-Barriers to Treatment
-Culture-Bound Values as Barriers
-Class-Bound Values as Barriers
-Language as a Barrier
-Experience with Racism
-Culturally Sensitive Therapeutic Approaches
-The Training of Mental Health Professionals: Multicultural Competence
-Cultural Matching
-Culture-Specific Therapies
-Example of a Culture-Specific Approach: African-Centered Psychology
-Treatment Issues and Strategies for Sexual Minorities
SUMMARY
CHAPTER 10: Where Do We Go From Here? Building Multicultural Competence
HOW TO INCREASE YOUR MULTICULTURAL COMPETENCE:
THE MULTICULTURAL COMPETENCIES
AWARENESS OF YOUR OWN CULTURAL ATTITUDES
-The Four F Reactions
Freeze
Flee
Fight
Fright
-The Five D's of Difference
Distancing
Denial
Defensiveness
Devaluing
Discovery
-The Three S's of Similarity
Simple
Safe
Sane
-Examining Your Biases, Prejudices, and Stereotypes
-Learning about Your Own Culture
UNDERSTANDING OTHER WORLDVIEWS
-Learning Key Historical Events
-Becoming Aware of Sociopolitical Issues
-Knowing Basic Values and Beliefs
-Understanding Cultural Practices
-Knowing the Dynamics of Racism, Discrimination, and Stereotyping
DEVELOPMENT OF CULTURALLY APPROPRIATE INTERPERSONAL SKILLS
-Education and Training
-Experience and Practice
-Saying "I Don't Know" and Asking Questions
-Travel
-Being an Ally
-An Attitude of Discovery and Courage
SUMMARY
Glossary
References
Credits
Index
