Kent, George C. : Louisiana State University System Office
Carr, Robert K. : Ohio University Main Campus
Summary
Deemed a classic for its reading level and high-quality illustrations, this respected text is ideal for your
one-semester Comparative Anatomy course. For the ninth edition, George Kent is joined by new co-author Bob Carr.
New to This Edition
This new edition features new cladograms (presented as line art figures) used as "phylogenetic summaries"
and are balanced by an appendix dedicated to traditional Linnaen classification.
Taxonomy (names) and phylogeny (evolutionary relationships) have been updated throughout.
Learning aids include Links to the Internet, Critical Thinking Questions, Chapter Outlines, Boldface Key Terms,
Chapter Summaries, and Suggested Readings.
This revision includes updates throughout to be consistent with the most current research in Comparative Anatomy.
Features
Complete emphasis on biological, physical, and evolutionary aspects of anatomy is the focus of Comparative
Anatomy of the Vertebrates. Its system-by-system progression integrates evolutionary theory and animal relationships
to foster your students' understanding of anatomical functions.
Body systems approach examines different types of vertebrates by looking at each system (digestive, circulatory,
etc.) separately.
This text covers the patterns of anatomy when comparing vertebrates. It also includes patterns among parts
of the biological process- which includes similarities due to convergence, similarities due to accident, and similarities
in terms of embryology.
The core of this text emphasizes comparative aspects of vertebrate morphology. This is a straightforward, no
frills text that has been streamlined as a result of multiple revisions.
Table of Contents
1 Introduction
The Phylum Chordata: The Big Four
The Craniate Body: General Plan
Craniate Characteristics
Vertebrate Characteristics
Structures Common to Craniates
Other Vertebrate Characteristics
2 Concepts, Premises, and Pioneers
Pattern and Process
Adaptation
Speciation
Evolutionary Convergence
Development
Metamorphosis and Heterochrony
Systematics and Taxonomy
Organic Evolution and Evolutionary Selection
Anatomy From Galen to Darwin
Words to Ponder
3 Protochordates and the Origin of Vertebrates
Protochordates
The Origin of Craniates
The Ammocoete: A Vertebrate Larva
Heterochrony and the Relationship Between Amphioxus and Vertebrates
4 The Parade of the Craniates in Time and Taxa
Craniate Taxa
Agnatha
Gnathostomes: Placoderms
Chondrichthyes (Cartilaginous Fishes)
Acanthodians and Osteichthyans (Spiny Fishes and Bony Fishes)
Actinopterygii (Ray-Finned Fishes)
Sarcopterygii (Lobe-Finned Fishes)
Amphibia
Amniotes (Reptiles an Synapsids)
Reptilia (Sauropsida)
Synapsids
5 Early Craniate Morphogenesis
Vertebrate of the Germ Layers
Extraembre Eggs
Early Development of Representative Chordates
Fate of the Ectoderm
Fate of the Endoderm
Fate of the Mesoderm
Significancyonic Membranes
6 Integument
Preview: Skin of the Eft
The Epidermis
The Dermis
The Integument From Fishes to Mammals
Some Roles of the Integument
7 Mineralized Tissues: An Introduction to the Skeleton
Bone
Cartilage
Skeletal Remodeling
Tendons, Ligaments, and Joints
Mineralized Tissues and The Invertebrates
Regional Components of the Skeleton
Heterotopic Bones
8 Vertebrae, Ribs, and Sterna
Vertebral Column
Ribs
Tetrapod Sternum
9 Skull and Visceral Skeleton
Neurocranium
Generalized Dermatocramium
Neurocranial-Dermatocranial Complex of Bony Fishes
Neurocranial-Dermatocranial Complex of Modern Tetrapods
Visceral Skeleton
Perspective
10 Girdles, Fins, Limbs, and Locomotion
Pectoral Girdles
Pelvic Girdles
Fins
Tetrapod Limbs
11 Muscles
Muscle Tissues and Major Categories of Muscles
Introduction to Skeletal muscles
Appendicular Muscles
Branchiomeric Muscles
Integumentary Muscles
Electric Organs
12 Digestive System
Procuring Food
The Digestive Tract: An Overview
Mouth and Oral Cavity
Pharynx
Morphology of the Gut Wall
Esophagus
Stomach
Intestine
Liver and Gallbladder
Exocrine Pancreas
Cloaca
13 Respiratory System
Gills
Nares and Nasal Canals
Swim Bladders and the Origin of Lungs
Lungs and Their Ducts
14 Circulatory System
Development
Blood
The Heart and Its Evolution
Arterial Channels and Their Modifications
Venous Channels and Their Modifications
Circulation in the Mammalian Fetus, and Changes at Birth
Lymphatic System
15 Urogential System
Kidneys and Their Ducts
Urinary Bladders
Genital Organs
16 Nervous System
Neuron
Growth and Differentiation of the Nervous System
Neuroglia and Neurilemma
Spinal Cord
Spinal Nerves
Brain
Cranial Nerves
Autonomic Nervous System
Segmentation of the Craniate Head
17 Sense Organs
Special Somatic Receptors
Special Chemoreceptors
General Somatic Receptors
General Visceral Receptors
18 Endocrine Organs
Endocrine Role of the Nervous System
Endocrine Organs Derived From Ectoderm
Endocrine Organs Derived from Mesoderm
Endocrine Organs Derived from Endoderm
Hormonal Control of Biological Rhythms
