The long-anticipated revision of this #1 selling book offers the most comprehensive, state of the art introduction to the theory and practice of artificial intelligence for modern applications. Intelligent Agents. Solving Problems by Searching. Informed Search Methods. Game Playing. Agents that Reason Logically. First-order Logic. Building a Knowledge Base. Inference in First-Order Logic. Logical Reasoning Systems. Practical Planning. Planning and Acting. Uncertainty. Probabilistic Reasoning Systems. Making Simple Decisions. Making Complex Decisions. Learning from Observations. Learning with Neural Networks. Reinforcement Learning. Knowledge in Learning. Agents that Communicate. Practical Communication in English. Perception. Robotics. For computer professionals, linguists, and cognitive scientists interested in artificial intelligence.

Table of Contents
I
Artificial Intelligence 1 Introduction 1.1 What is AI? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 1.2
The Foundations of Artificial Intelligence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 1.3
The History of Artificial Intelligence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 1.4
The State of the Art . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28 1.5
Summary, Bibliographical and Historical Notes, Exercises . . . . . . . . . 29 2
Intelligent Agents 2.1 Agents and Environments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34 2.2
Good Behavior: The Concept of Rationality . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36 2.3
The Nature of Environments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40 2.4
The Structure of Agents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46 2.5
Summary, Bibliographical and Historical Notes, Exercises . . . . . . . . . 59
II
Problem-solving 3 Solving Problems by Searching 3.1
Problem-Solving Agents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64 3.2
Example Problems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69 3.3
Searching for Solutions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75 3.4
Uninformed Search Strategies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81 3.5
Informed (Heuristic) Search Strategies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92 3.6
Heuristic Functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102 3.7
Summary, Bibliographical and Historical Notes, Exercises . . . . . . . . . 108 4